Introduction
The ITU (International Triathlon Union) standard-distance rules are the global standard, and most races in Taiwan also adopt these rules. Amateur athletes unfamiliar with the rules risk time penalties or even disqualification. This article compiles 10 key points.
1. Swimming Rules
- Wetsuit regulations: Water temperature 20-22°C allows optional wear; mandatory below 22°C (some races still allow at 24.6°C)
- Paddles, pull buoys, and kickboards are prohibited
- Pulling on buoys or boats is prohibited
- Backstroke and breaststroke are allowed; no stroke restrictions
2. Cycling Rules
10 key rules:
| Rule | Details |
|---|---|
| Helmet | Must be fastened before mounting the bike; only unfastened after dismounting |
| Mount/Dismount Line | Mount behind the line, dismount before the line |
| Drafting | Violation within 10m in no-draft races |
| Crossing the bike | Mount/dismount from the left side of the bike |
| Pushing the bike | Only pushing allowed in transition area, no riding |
| Race number | Worn on the back during the bike leg |
| Front light | Mandatory in some early-morning races |
| Cycling shoes | Cannot be worn before the mount line |
| Feeding | No outside assistance; only at aid stations |
| Modifications | Handlebar width and TT bar specification limits |
3. Running Rules
- Race number on the front
- No pushing, pulling, or pacing by others
- Supplies only available at aid stations
- Race number must not be removed before crossing the finish line
4. Transition Area Rules
- Personal gear limited to the designated 1m × 0.5m area
- Must not affect neighbors (no gear scattered on the ground)
- No nudity in the transition area
- Must not touch the bike before unfastening the helmet
5. Penalty Time Reference
| Violation | Penalty |
|---|---|
| Drafting, first offense | 2 minutes (standard distance) |
| Drafting, second offense | Disqualification |
| Nudity in transition area | Disqualification |
| Helmet not fastened first | 30 seconds to disqualification |
| Crossing the mount line | 10 seconds |
| Littering outside aid stations | 30 seconds |
6. Protests and Appeals
- Protests can be filed within 30 minutes after the race ends
- A deposit is required (per race regulations)
- Final decision made by ITU-certified referees
Practical Advice
- Always attend the race briefing before the race
- When in doubt, ask a referee—better than committing a violation
- Wear your race number correctly on the front and back
- The Fulong and Kenting race handbooks include local special rules—read them carefully
- For your first race, it’s recommended to race with experienced teammates to avoid rule pitfalls
Conclusion
Rules are not restrictions but the baseline that protects fair competition for all athletes. Familiarizing yourself with ITU rules makes you race with more confidence and professionalism. We recommend printing a pocket rule card and reviewing it before the race.
Related Reading
- Standard-Distance Wetsuit Rules and Selection: A Complete Guide to Water Temperature and Specifications
- Standard-Distance Cycling Draft-legal vs No-draft: Training Differences Between the Two Rules
- Sprint Race Etiquette and Rules: Don’t Let a DQ Ruin Your Training
- Standard-Distance Race Color Coding: Understanding Race Numbers, Wheels, and Flags
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